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▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Commentsface="Times New Roman Star"*saran face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"miser, miserly face="Times New Roman Star"ñêóïîé, ñêðÿãà face="Times New Roman Star"saran (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"saran (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"saran face="Times New Roman Star"saran| face="Times New Roman Star"saran| face="Times New Roman Star"saran face="Times New Roman Star"saran, saram face="Times New Roman Star"aran| face="Times New Roman Star"saran| face="Times New Roman Star"haran face="Times New Roman Star"saran, saran| face="Times New Roman Star"saran| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 403, EDT 853-854, ÝÑÒß 7. Cf. Chuv. soran 'wound, loss, damage'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sia:l/- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 wild 2 to be astonished 3 to slander face="Times New Roman Star"1 äèêèé 2 áûòü èçóìëåííûì 3 êëåâåòàòü face="Times New Roman Star"sas? 1 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"s?as?- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"c?as?- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"c?a:s?- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"s?as?qa- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"s?uldra 'pert' face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 405.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ulu-l/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"country, city face="Times New Roman Star"ñòðàíà, ãîðîä face="Times New Roman Star"ulus? (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"ulus? (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"ulus? face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 152-153, Ëåêñèêà 317, 494. Turk. > Mong. ulus (see TMN 1, 177, Clark 1980 , 41, Ùåðáàê 1997 , 161), whence again modern Turkm., Oyr. etc. ulus (ÝÑÒß 1, 592).
face="Times New Roman Star"*KAc?- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 panic and disorder 2 crazy 3 (to act) inimically, cattily 4 annoyance 5 joke 6 to mock face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïàíèêà è áåñïîðÿäîê 2 áåçóìíûé 3 (ïîñòóïàòü) íàçëî, çëîáñòâîâàòü 4 äîñàäà 5 øóòêà 6 íàñìåõàòüñÿ face="Times New Roman Star"qac?ys? 1 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"kac?yk 2 face="Times New Roman Star"xac?a- 3, xac?ag| 4 face="Times New Roman Star"qaz?|an| 5 face="Times New Roman Star"qac?as? 3 (adj.) face="Times New Roman Star"qyz?yrt- 6 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 217, EDT 593. MK 's gloss is analysed as a reciprocal derivative < *Kac?- 'to flee', but this is obviously a folk etymology.
face="Times New Roman Star"*u"t- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to singe face="Times New Roman Star"ïàëèòü, îïàëèâàòü face="Times New Roman Star"u"t- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"u"t- (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"u">t- face="Times New Roman Star"u"t- (IM ) face="Times New Roman Star"u"t- face="Times New Roman Star"u"t- face="Times New Roman Star"v@t- face="Times New Roman Star"u"t- face="Times New Roman Star"u"jt- face="Times New Roman Star"u">t- face="Times New Roman Star"u"jt- face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 40, VEWT 524, ÝÑÒß 1, 640, TMN 2, 9-10.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ja.l/(c?)- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to blaze, flame 2 lightning face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñâåðêàòü, ñèÿòü 2 ìîëíèÿ face="Times New Roman Star"jas?u- 1, jas?yn 2 (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"jas?u- 1, jas?yn 2 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"je|s?en 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jas?yn 2 (AH ), jas?yq 'sun' (R.) face="Times New Roman Star"jas?in 2 face="Times New Roman Star"c?azyn 2 face="Times New Roman Star"c?az?yn 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jaz?yn, d/a:z?yn 2 face="Times New Roman Star"s/is/- 1, s/iz/@m 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jasyn 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ja"s?en 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jas?yn 2 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 977, 979, VEWT 192, ÝÑÒß 4, 149-150, Ëåêñèêà 22-23. Turk. *jal/yn > Mong. jas?in 'lightning' (Ùåðáàê 1997 , 123).
face="Times New Roman Star"*bu:c?-gak, -mak face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"(outer) corner, angle face="Times New Roman Star"âíåøíèé óãîë face="Times New Roman Star"buc?g|aq (MK ) 'region of the world, corner' face="Times New Roman Star"buz?|ak face="Times New Roman Star"poc?maq face="Times New Roman Star"buz?|aq (Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"buz?|ag| face="Times New Roman Star"bu:z?|aq 'lower ends of a winebag' face="Times New Roman Star"p@w|s/mex face="Times New Roman Star"buz?|aq face="Times New Roman Star"buc?aq, buc?qaq face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 85, ÝÑÒß 2, 282-283. Despite EDT 294 and Clark 1980 , 38, not derived < *byc?- 'cut' (because of semantic and phonetic - vowel length and vowel quality - differences).
face="Times New Roman Star"*bAr/yk face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 thick, stout 2 a stubby man face="Times New Roman Star"1 òîëñòûé, äþæèé 2 êîðåíàñòûé ÷åëîâåê face="Times New Roman Star"bazyq 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bazuq (OKypch., AH , CCum .) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bad|yq 1 face="Times New Roman Star"bazyq 1 face="Times New Roman Star"bazyq/x (H,Q,T) 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"bazyq 1 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 66. The word is exclusively Kypchak (probably also borrowed in Chuv. pyzúk id.), but is apparently archaic.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ebin face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"grain, seed face="Times New Roman Star"çåðíî, ñåìÿ face="Times New Roman Star"evin (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"evin (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"Osm. evin, Anat. efin face="Times New Roman Star"evin (Qutb ) face="Times New Roman Star"ebin face="Times New Roman Star"avún s/ap- 'to flail', avún karti 'cornfloor' > Mari (Low) av@n, Mari (High) e|n. face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 34, EDT 12, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 82.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kulga face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 sprout 2 long branch, shoot face="Times New Roman Star"1 ðîñòîê 2 äëèííàÿ âåòêà, ïîáåã face="Times New Roman Star"qolg|a 2 face="Times New Roman Star"xulg|a 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qulg|a 1 face="Times New Roman Star"xolú 2 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 298, Àøì. XVI, 149.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kom- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to long for 2 inheritance, legacy face="Times New Roman Star"1 æàæäàòü, ñòðåìèòüñÿ ê 2 íàñëåäñòâî face="Times New Roman Star"qumaru (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"qomy- 1 (MK ), xumaru 2 (MK ), qumaru 2 (KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"qumar 2 (AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"xumartxa 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qumarqy 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qumartqa 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qumarqy 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qomartqy 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qumartqy 2 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 626, 628, Ëåêñèêà 347, Clark 1977 , 149.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ko"l/- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to freeze face="Times New Roman Star"çàìåðçàòü face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s?ek- face="Times New Roman Star"ko"hu"j- face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z?u"- face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?u"- face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?u"- face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s?ek- face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 294, ÝÑÒß 5, 127.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jElme- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"blade or upper part of sabre face="Times New Roman Star"ëåçâèå èëè êîíåö ñàáëè face="Times New Roman Star"jelme, ja"lman, jalman, jalym face="Times New Roman Star"jalman (Áîð. Áàä. ) face="Times New Roman Star"z?alman (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 196, ÝÑÒß 4, 103-104, Ëåêñèêà 412 (but relating here jalma 'quilted coat' is dubious).
face="Times New Roman Star"*bAlk- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to shine, glitter face="Times New Roman Star"ñâåðêàòü, ñèÿòü face="Times New Roman Star"balk- (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"balqy- face="Times New Roman Star"(MKypch., Xwar. ) balqy-(CCum ., AH , Qutb ) face="Times New Roman Star"balqylda- face="Times New Roman Star"malqyl, malG|yl 'bright, shining' face="Times New Roman Star"balqy- face="Times New Roman Star"balqy- face="Times New Roman Star"balqy- face="Times New Roman Star"balqy- face="Times New Roman Star"balqy- face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 2, 56-57.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bAr/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"stranger, foreign face="Times New Roman Star"÷óæàê, èíîñòðàíåö face="Times New Roman Star"baz (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"bazy 'some, someone' face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 388.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Tu:krag (?) face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"royal sign manual face="Times New Roman Star"çíàê öàðñêîé âëàñòè face="Times New Roman Star"tug|rag| (MK - Oghuz), tug|ra (IM ) face="Times New Roman Star"tug|ra face="Times New Roman Star"tug|ro| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 496. EDT 471, TMN 3, 342-343. The word may belong here if it is not derived < tu:g 'banner' ( < Chin.).
face="Times New Roman Star"*bialyk face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"city, fortress face="Times New Roman Star"ãîðîä, êðåïîñòü face="Times New Roman Star"balyq (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"balyq (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"balyq (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"balyq, paluq face="Times New Roman Star"baluq 'äåðåâíÿ' face="Times New Roman Star"pu"ler face="Times New Roman Star"TMN 2, 257, EDT 335-336, ÝÑÒß 2, 59, ÎÑÍß 3, 91, Ëåêñèêà 485, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 194.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Arka- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"lasso, thick string face="Times New Roman Star"ëàññî, òîëñòàÿ âåðåâêà face="Times New Roman Star"arkan 1 face="Times New Roman Star"arqa:n face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 26, ÝÑÒß 1, 175-176. Turk. > WMong. arqala-, Kalm. arx@l- (KW 14).
face="Times New Roman Star"*a:tag face="Times New Roman Star"island face="Times New Roman Star"îñòðîâ face="Times New Roman Star"ada face="Times New Roman Star"ataw face="Times New Roman Star"(CCum .) atov face="Times New Roman Star"a:da face="Times New Roman Star"odú face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 31, ÝÑÒß 1, 87-88, TMN 2, 19, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 295.
face="Times New Roman Star"*K[a]r/guk face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"pole, peg face="Times New Roman Star"ïàëêà, êîëûøåê face="Times New Roman Star"qazg|uq (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"qazn|uq (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"kazyk face="Times New Roman Star"qazyq face="Times New Roman Star"qazuq (Áîð. Áàä. , Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"qo|ziq face="Times New Roman Star"qozuq face="Times New Roman Star"quzuq face="Times New Roman Star"gazyx (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"GazyG face="Times New Roman Star"qazyq face="Times New Roman Star"*karuH > Hung. karo/ (see Gombocz 1912 , MNyTESz 2, 387). face="Times New Roman Star"qazyq face="Times New Roman Star"qazyq face="Times New Roman Star"qad|a- 'to stick into', qad|aq, qad|yq 'nail' face="Times New Roman Star"qazyq face="Times New Roman Star"qazyq face="Times New Roman Star"qazyq face="Times New Roman Star"qazyq face="Times New Roman Star"qazyq face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 682 (derivation from *Kar/- 'dig' is highly dubious, although the vocalism could have been influenced by the verbal root), VEWT 243, ÝÑÒß 5, 190-191. Because of its consonant the Bashk. form belongs rather here than to PT *Ka:ta- (v. sub *ka:/jta ).
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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